2024年學術報告“Trends and Challenges in Unplanned, Planned, and Industrial Wastewater Reuse: A U.S. Perspective”

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報告題目：Trends and Challenges in Unplanned, Planned, and Industrial Wastewater Reuse: A U.S. Perspective

報 告  人： Dr. Paul Westerhoff

                  美國亞利桑那州立大學

時      間：2024年11月05日（周二）上午10:00-11:30

地      點：東校園環境大樓A206

主      持：王鵬教授

歡迎廣大師生參加！

報告人簡介:

      Paul Westerhoff is a Regents Professor & Fulton Chair of Environmental Engineering at Arizona State University.  He has over 420 peer reviewed publications related to water. He is the Deputy Director of a NSF ERC for Nanotechnology Enabled Water Treatment (NEWT), co-Deputy Director of the NSF Science and Technologies for Phosphorus Sustainability (STEPS) Center, and water-innovation lead for the NSF Southwest Sustainability Innovation Engine (SWSIE) . He received several awards including the 2020 A.P. Black award from AWWA, 2019 NWRI Clarke Prize, 2013 ARCADIS/AEESP Frontier in Research Award, 2006 Paul L. Busch Award, and was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 2023. 

      Dr. Paul Westerhoff亞利桑那州立大學環境工程學的Regents教授和Fulton主席。他有超過420篇與水相關的同行評審出版物。他是國家科學基金會（NSF）資助的納米技術賦能水處理工程研究中心（NEWT）的副主任，NSF磷可持續性科學與技術中心（STEPS）的共同副主任，以及NSF西南可持續性創新引擎（SWSIE）的水創新領導者。他獲得了多個獎項，包括2020年美國水廠協會（AWWA）頒發的A.P. Black獎、2019年NWRI Clarke獎、2013年ARCADIS/AEESP研究前沿獎、2006年Paul L. Busch獎，并在2023年當選為國家工程院院士。

報告内容簡介：

      Population growth and the need for businesses and municipalities to diversify their water resources are driving changes in water management practices. Unplanned, or de facto, reuse of municipal wastewater occurs when treated effluent from upstream wastewater treatment plants is discharged into surface waters that serve as drinking water sources for downstream communities. Although this practice has been ongoing for decades, there is growing recognition of the impact that PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) in wastewater effluents can have on drinking water supplies, especially in light of new USEPA regulations for PFAS in drinking water. Planned potable reuse, both indirect and direct, is expanding rapidly in the USA. While California has traditionally led the way in demonstrating advanced treatment technologies such as microfiltration (MF), reverse osmosis (RO), and advanced oxidation processes (AOP) combined with groundwater recharge, other states are now developing regulations to permit treatment approaches that do not rely on RO. A primary driver for this shift is the challenge of managing RO brine in areas where ocean disposal is not feasible. In these cases, "carbon-based" treatment trains that incorporate ozone and biological filtration are emerging as viable alternatives. For industrial sectors, the need for business resiliency and adherence to corporate sustainability goals is prompting the integration of industrial wastewater into treatment processes. RO membranes are frequently used in these systems, but, similar to municipal applications, brine management remains a significant cost challenge. As a result, innovations in brine management and zero liquid discharge technologies are among the most critical technological needs. Novel approaches, such as atmospheric water harvesting, are also being considered as potential solutions. However, achieving cost-effectiveness will require advancements at both the material and system levels.

      人口增長以及企業和市政當局需要多樣化水資源的需求正在推動水資源管理實踐的變化。未經規劃的或事實上的城市廢水再利用發生在上遊污水處理廠處理後的廢水排放到下遊社區作為飲用水源的地表水中時。盡管這種做法已經進行了幾十年，但人們越來越認識到廢水中的PFAS（全氟和多氟烷基物質）對飲用水供應的影響，特别是鑒于美國環保局（USEPA）對飲用水中PFAS的新規定。計劃内的飲用水再利用，包括間接和直接再利用，正在美國迅速擴展。雖然加利福尼亞州傳統上一直引領着展示先進的處理技術，如微濾（MF）、反滲透（RO）和與地下水補給相結合的高級氧化過程（AOP），但現在其他州也在制定法規，允許不依賴于RO的處理方法。這一轉變的一個主要驅動因素是在海洋排放不可行的地區管理RO濃水的挑戰。在這些情況下，結合臭氧和生物過濾的“基于碳的”處理工藝正作為一種可行的替代方案出現。對于工業部門來說，業務彈性的需求和對企業可持續性目标的遵守正在促使将工業廢水納入處理過程中。RO膜通常用于這些系統中，但與市政應用類似，濃水管理仍然是一個重大的成本挑戰。因此，濃水管理和零液體排放技術方面的創新是最緊迫的技術需求之一。人們還在考慮将大氣水收集等新方法作為潛在的解決方案。然而，要實現成本效益，将需要在材料和系統層面都取得進步。